DeFi 借贷概览
DeFi 借贷允许任何人向 借贷协议 提供加密资产以赚取利息,或通过提供 抵押品借入资产。与传统银行借贷不同,它没有信用审查、没有中介,也没有地域限制。智能合约自动执行规则,利率根据供需情况以算法方式调整。
当您提供资产时,您将获得由借款人支付的 APY (年化收益率)。利率由每个市场的 利用率 决定:即当前已借出的供应资产百分比。高利用率意味着借款需求高,从而推高利率。低利用率意味着供应充足,从而压低利率。
All DeFi loans are overcollateralized. To borrow $1,000 in USDC, you might need to deposit $1,500 worth of ETH. If your collateral value drops below a liquidation threshold, automated liquidators repay your debt and claim your collateral at a discount. This mechanism has carried the major lending protocols through several market crashes.
DeFi lending is one of the largest categories in decentralized finance by total value locked (TVL), the value of assets deposited in protocols. DefiLlama publishes the live figure for the whole category. Three protocols lead this landscape: Aave, Compound and Morpho. Each takes a different approach to the same problem, and understanding those differences helps you choose where to lend.
供应 & 收益
将加密资产存入借贷池,赚取借款人支付的可变利息,自动复利。.
抵押借款
发布超额抵押资产以借入稳定币或其他代币,而无需出售您的持有资产。.
算法利率
利率会根据市场使用情况自动调整,实时平衡供需。.
Aave: 市场领袖
Aave 是 TVL 最大的 DeFi 借贷协议,截至 2026 年 9 月已存入约 190 亿美元(DefiLlama),覆盖十多个区块链网络。该项目由 Stani Kulechov 于 2017 年创立,最初名为 ETHLend,是以太坊上的点对点借贷平台,并于 2018 年更名为 Aave(芬兰语意为"幽灵")。2020 年 1 月,它推出了基于资金池的借贷模式,成为 DeFi 借贷的蓝本。.
Aave V3 于 2022 年 3 月推出,现已成为主要版本,引入了多项重要功能。效率模式(E-Mode)允许在借入相关资产时使用更高的贷款价值比(LTV,即贷款规模相对于抵押品的比例),例如以 USDC 为抵押借入 USDT。隔离模式允许协议以更严格的风险参数上线新资产,从而限制波动性或未经测试的代币可能造成的损害。Portal 旨在在不同网络之间转移流动性。.
Aave 开创了闪电贷,这是一种必须在单笔交易内借入并偿还的无抵押贷款。闪电贷催生了整个套利、清算和抵押品置换策略生态系统,处理了数十亿美元的交易量。.
该协议也已启动 GHO, 一种由 Aave 借款人铸造的去中心化稳定币。GHO'的利率由 Aave 治理设定,而非市场力量,创造了协议的新收入来源,同时为借款人提供可预测的资本成本。AAVE 治理代币 用于协议治理和在安全模块中的质押,该模块充当坏账的后备保障。
关键优势
- DeFi 借贷中最大的 TVL 和最深的流动性
- More than ten networks: Ethereum, Arbitrum, Optimism, Polygon, Avalanche, Base, BNB Chain and more
- 闪电贷、E-Mode,以及 GHO 稳定币
- Extensively audited, with a Safety Module backstop
Key Facts (September 2026)
- Total Value LockedAbout $19B (DefiLlama)
- USDC Supply APYVariable, see app.aave.com
- 支持的链超过十个
- Supported AssetsGovernance-listed, per network
- 治理代币AAVE
Compound:先驱
Compound 是普及了基于资金池的 DeFi 借贷的协议。由 Robert Leshner 和 Geoffrey Hayes 于 2017 年创立,其协议自 2018 年起在以太坊上线,Compound 引入了算法利率和代币化借贷头寸(cTokens),这已成为行业标准。Aave、Morpho 以及许多其他协议的架构部分可追溯到 Compound 的原始设计。.
2020 年 6 月,Compound 推出了 COMP 治理代币并开创了流动性挖矿,向存款人和借款人分发 COMP 代币。这一单一创新开启了"DeFi Summer",并启发了生态系统中几乎所有的后续代币分发。.
Compound III(也称为 Comet)于 2022 年推出,代表着对原始池化资产模型的彻底变革。Compound III 不再允许用户提供和借入任何已上线的资产,而是专注于每个市场中的单一可借资产(主要是 USDC)。用户提供抵押资产(ETH、WBTC、COMP 等)以借入 USDC。这种简化通过消除跨资产传染,大幅降低了风险,并使协议更易于理解和审计。.
Compound has also courted institutions. Compound Treasury was one of the first products to offer institutional investors regulated access to DeFi yields. The protocol's emphasis on simplicity, long-tested code and conservative risk parameters makes it a common choice for treasuries and funds that need to explain DeFi exposure to compliance teams.
关键优势
- 最长的业绩记录(自 2018 年上线,无重大漏洞)
- Compound III:简化的单资产模型降低风险
- 强大的机构采用和监管定位
- 干净、简约的代码库,易于审计和分叉
Key Facts (September 2026)
- 总锁仓价值约 16 亿美元 (DefiLlama)
- USDC Supply APYVariable, see app.compound.finance
- Supported ChainsEthereum and several Layer 2s
- Compound III MarketsUSDC, USDT, WETH and others
- 治理代币COMP
跳过复杂性。在USDC上赚取7.50% APY。.
Coinstancy美元储蓄将您的USDC分配到链上策略中,因此您无需自行管理Aave、Compound和Morpho等借贷协议。利息每秒累计并自动复投。无锁定期,随时可提取。.
开始赚取 7.50% 年化收益率Morpho:优化器
Morpho is the newest of the three protocols, founded in 2022 by Paul Frambot and a team of French researchers. Morpho started as a rate optimizer built on top of Aave and Compound: it matched lenders and borrowers peer-to-peer to shrink the spread between supply and borrow rates, giving suppliers higher yields and borrowers lower costs.
2024年1月,团队推出了Morpho Blue,一个独立的借贷原语。Morpho Blue是一个极简、不可变的智能合约,由约650行Solidity代码组成。没有治理控制的资产上架机制。相反,任何人都可以通过指定贷款资产、抵押资产、清算LTV、预言机和利率模型来创建借贷市场。这种无需许可的模块化设计使Morpho Blue成为借贷基础设施层,而非单体协议。.
Morpho Vaults (originally called MetaMorpho) are the user-facing layer built on top of Morpho Blue. Vault curators (risk firms, DAOs, protocols) create vaults that allocate capital across several Morpho Blue markets according to a risk and return strategy. Users deposit into a vault and earn a blended yield without evaluating each market themselves. This separation between the lending primitive (Morpho Blue) and the risk management layer (vaults) is Morpho's main architectural idea.
Morpho has grown quickly, reaching about $11 billion in TVL as of September 2026 (DefiLlama), which now places it well ahead of Compound. USDC supply rates in Morpho vaults are often higher than on Aave or Compound for the same asset, because the leaner architecture keeps the interest rate spread small, though this is not guaranteed at any given moment. The MORPHO governance token was launched in 2024.
关键优势
- 由于利率差较小,供应利率通常更高
- Morpho Blue: immutable, formally verified contract of about 650 lines
- 模块化金库架构,配备精选风险策略
- 无需许可的任意资产对市场创建
Key Facts (September 2026)
- Total Value LockedAbout $11B (DefiLlama)
- USDC Supply APYVariable, see app.morpho.org
- Supported ChainsEthereum, Base and other EVM chains
- Morpho Blue MarketsPermissionless, anyone can create one
- 治理代币MORPHO
详细比较表
A side-by-side breakdown of Aave V3, Compound III and Morpho Blue across the dimensions that matter for lenders and borrowers. TVL figures are from DefiLlama as of September 2026; rates are variable and should be checked live.
| 功能 | Aave V3 | Compound III | Morpho Blue |
|---|---|---|---|
| 总锁定价值 | About $19B | 约 16 亿美元 | About $11B |
| USDC 供应年化收益率 | Variable, utilization-based | Variable, utilization-based | Variable, per market and vault |
| USDC 借款年化收益率 | Variable, above supply rate | Variable, above supply rate | Variable, per market |
| 架构 | 池化的,多资产 | 单资产(Comet) | 模块化原语 + 金库 |
| 链 | 超过十个(Ethereum、Arbitrum、Optimism、Polygon、Base、Avalanche 等) | Ethereum and several Layer 2s (see docs) | Ethereum, Base and other EVM chains (see docs) |
| 支持的代币 | Many, governance-listed | A short collateral list per market | 任何(无许可) |
| 治理 | AAVE 代币,链上投票 | COMP 代币,链上投票 | MORPHO 代币,金库策展人 |
| 独特功能 | 闪电贷,E-Mode,GHO,门户 | 单资产简易性,COMP 奖励 | Permissionless markets, Morpho Vaults, immutable contracts |
| 协议费用 | Reserve factor per asset, set by governance | 储备因子,由治理设定 | Governance-controlled fee switch on Morpho Blue; vault fees set by curators |
| 审计 | Trail of Bits,Certora,SigmaPrime,ABDK,Peckshield | OpenZeppelin,Trail of Bits,ChainSecurity | Spearbit,Cantina,Certora 的形式化验证 |
| 智能合约可升级性 | 可通过治理升级 | 可通过治理升级 | 不可变(无法升级) |
您应该选择哪个协议?
最佳协议取决于您的优先事项。以下是按使用场景划分的细分,帮助您做出决定。.
适用于简单、可靠的借贷
选择:Compound III。其单资产模型最易于理解和使用。提供抵押品,借入 USDC,即可完成。配置参数最少,跨资产传染风险最低。适合重视简洁性和可靠历史记录的用户。.
适用于稳定币的最高年化收益率
Choose: Morpho (through Morpho Vaults). Morpho's modular architecture often delivers higher supply rates on USDC and other stablecoins, though not always. Select a vault run by an established curator such as Gauntlet, Steakhouse or Re7 Labs, and read its strategy before you deposit.
For Institutional & Treasury Use
选择:Aave V3 或 Compound III。两者都有长期的历史记录、广泛的审计以及合规团队所熟悉的成熟治理流程。Aave 通过 E-Mode 和多资产市场提供更大的灵活性。Compound 提供的简洁性使风险报告更容易。一些机构两者都使用。.
面向构建者 & 协议开发者
选择:Morpho Blue。其无需许可的市场创建以及不可变、极简的合约面,使其成为构建新型借贷产品的最佳基础。为任意资产对创建自定义市场,构建具有定制风险策略的金库,或将借贷集成到你的协议中而无需治理开销。得益于其深厚的流动性和多链布局,Aave V3 也非常适合集成。.
用于多链访问
Choose: Aave V3. With deployments on more than ten chains, Aave has the broadest multi-chain coverage of the three. If you want to lend and borrow on Arbitrum, Avalanche, Base and Polygon from the same protocol interface, Aave is the natural choice.
Coinstancy 如何使用这些协议
Using Aave, Compound and Morpho directly requires a Web3 wallet, ETH for gas fees, an understanding of collateral ratios, and regular monitoring. Coinstancy removes this complexity for you.
当您将 USDC 存入 Coinstancy Dollar Savings 时,您的存款首先进入由 Coinstancy’s 团队管理的多签钱包,然后被分配到相关的链上策略,其中可能包括 Aave、Compound 和 Morpho 等借贷协议。您无需手动干预即可赚取固定 APY (当前生效的利率,可能会被调整)。
The result: 7.50% APY on USDC with Dollar Savings. Interest accrues every second and is automatically reinvested. No lock-up period, withdraw anytime. You get a yield built on on-chain strategies without managing protocol mechanics or gas fees yourself.
这适合那些了解各协议之间权衡取舍,但不希望在三个平台和多个链上管理头寸的读者。Coinstancy 负责处理资产配置,让您可以专注于更广泛的投资组合。在存入资金之前,请阅读 风险 。
DeFi 贷款的未来
DeFi 贷款正快速演进,多个趋势正在塑造下一代协议和产品。.
模块化贷款
Morpho Blue 已经展示了将借贷原语与风险管理层分离的力量。这种模块化方法正成为行业标准。未来不再使用从市场创建到风险参数再到清算全部处理的单体协议,而是转向专用层:基础借贷合约(如 Morpho Blue)、风险管理金库(如 MetaMorpho)以及可以自由组合的预言机网络。.
即使 Aave 也在朝这个方向前进,提出了模块化风险管理和可定制市场配置的方案,以用于未来版本。Euler V2、Silo Finance 以及其他新兴协议也基于模块化原则构建。.
真实世界资产(RWA)借贷
对现实世界资产(包括国库券、公司债券、房地产和发票)的代币化正在开辟新的借贷市场。Aave 和 Morpho 已经在整合 RWA 抵押品,使用户能够基于代币化的国库券借款或向由真实收入流支持的市场提供资本。.
This convergence of traditional finance and DeFi could expand the market for lending protocols. How large it becomes is uncertain; DefiLlama tracks RWA protocols as a separate category.
低抵押 & 基于声誉的借贷
Today, all major DeFi lending requires overcollateralization: you must deposit more value than you borrow. This is capital-inefficient and limits how far DeFi can compete with traditional lending. Several protocols are experimenting with undercollateralized lending models that use on-chain reputation, credit scores, and institutional guarantees to reduce collateral requirements.
Aave's信用委托功能已经允许受信任的借款人通过委托人获取低抵押贷款。随着链上身份和声誉系统的成熟,预计低抵押借贷将成为一个重要的增长领域,首先面向机构借款人,最终面向零售用户。.
常见问题
哪个DeFi借贷协议的APY最高?
Aave 比 Compound 或 Morpho 更安全吗?
我可以同时使用 Aave、Compound 和 Morpho 吗?
如果借款人在 Aave 或 Compound 上违约会怎样?
使用这些协议需要技术知识吗?
Coinstancy 如何使用这些借贷协议?
来源与延伸阅读
本页面中的数字和声明均基于以下文档。具有时效性的数字(利率、收益率、费用、市场数据)会变动:在据此行动之前,请在来源处核实实时数值。.
- Aave 文档docs.aave.com
Aave V3 mechanics: E-Mode, Isolation Mode, flash loans, GHO, Safety Module and interest rate model.
- Compound documentationdocs.compound.finance
Compound III (Comet) design, single borrowable asset per market, reserve factor and governance.
- DefiLlama (live aggregator)defillama.com
TVL for Aave, Compound and Morpho and the lending category. Figures on this page were read on September 30, 2026.
最后审核:2026年9月。外部链接在新标签页中打开;Coinstancy 对其内容不承担责任。.